Guideline 14 · M&V
ASHRAE Guideline 14 Regression Baselines: Change-Point Models Explained
2P to 5P change-point models, weather normalisation, fit statistics, savings uncertainty and non-routine adjustments for whole-building M&V.
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USA · ASHRAE 100
ASHRAE Standard 100: The Performance Standard for Existing Buildings
Energy and emissions targets for existing buildings, the audit-and-implement route for buildings that miss them, and how Standard 100 underpins building performance standards.
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One Click LCA · EPDs
One Click LCA EPD Data Collection: A Manufacturer’s Checklist
Prepare manufacturing data for an EPD in One Click LCA: product scope, material inputs, energy, transport, waste, allocation and evidence checks.
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One Click LCA · Review
One Click LCA EPD Verification: From Model to Published Declaration
Understand EPD modelling, tool pre-verification, product review and publication when using One Click LCA, with a practical submission checklist.
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Materials · Transparency
EPD vs HPD: Where One Click LCA Fits in Material Disclosure
EPDs report life-cycle environmental impacts; HPDs disclose product contents and associated hazards. Learn how the two fit alongside One Click LCA.
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HPDs · Manufacturers
HPD Preparation for Manufacturers: An Ingredient Disclosure Checklist
Prepare for a Health Product Declaration: product identity, supplier information, disclosure thresholds, hazard screening and review alongside EPD work.
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One Click LCA · Selection
Comparing EPDs in One Click LCA: Avoiding Misleading Carbon Rankings
Compare EPDs fairly in One Click LCA by checking product function, units, modules, methodology and data fit before ranking carbon results.
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One Click LCA · Buildings
One Click LCA Building Assessments: From BIM Quantities to Reviewable Results
A practical One Click LCA building workflow covering quantity take-offs, dataset mapping, missing materials, scenario control and quality checks.
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LCA · Software Tools
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One Click LCA vs Tally vs EC3: Choosing Building LCA Software
Three tools built for three different jobs — certification reporting, design iteration in Revit, and material procurement. Which fits your project, and the licensing trap to avoid.
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EPDs · Manufacturers
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How to Get an EPD: PCRs, LCA and Verification Explained
A manufacturer’s route to an Environmental Product Declaration — choosing a programme operator and PCR, the data you must collect, the LCA background report, and third-party verification.
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LCA · Methodology
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EN 15978 Life-Cycle Modules Explained: A1–A5, B, C and D
What each module actually covers, why two carbon figures can differ by a factor of two, and the real difference between upfront, embodied and whole-life carbon.
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NYC · Local Law 154
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NYC Local Law 154: The All-Electric New Buildings Law
The 25 kg CO₂/MMBtu threshold that rules out gas, the phased dates by building height, the exemptions, and what all-electric means for your model and LL97 exposure.
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NYC · Progress Inspections
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NYC Energy Code Progress Inspections: What Gets Inspected and When
Who performs them, the items from slab-edge insulation to commissioning, how they are filed and signed off, and the sequencing mistakes that hold up your certificate of occupancy.
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NYC · Energy Code
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NYC Energy Conservation Code: Choosing Your Compliance Path
Prescriptive vs performance vs ASHRAE 90.1, what changes for alterations, when COMcheck is enough, and the objections that most often stop a filing.
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USA · ASHRAE 211
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ASHRAE Standard 211: Level 1, 2 and 3 Energy Audits Explained
What each audit level includes, the end-use breakdown that must reconcile with your bills, and why ordinances like NYC Local Law 87 mandate Level 2.
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Ireland · SEAI Business
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SEAI Non-Domestic Energy Audits: Mandatory Audits, Vouchers & EXEED
The four-yearly obligation for large enterprises under S.I. 426, the ISO 50001 exemption route, SME audit vouchers, EXEED and non-domestic BER.
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Energy Management · ISO 50001
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ISO 50001 Energy Management Systems: Baselines, EnPIs & Certification
The energy review, significant energy uses, defensible baselines and normalised EnPIs, and the regulatory exemptions a certified EnMS can unlock.
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Thermal Bridging · Standards
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Thermal Bridging to ISO 10211 & ISO 14683: Psi-Values, Y-Values and fRsi
Numerical calculation vs default values, what psi and chi actually measure, how the y-value penalty hits your energy model, and why fRsi decides condensation risk.
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Energy Auditing · ISO 50002
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ISO 50002 Energy Audits: Process, Scope and Reporting Explained
The full audit process from planning to closing meeting, how audit depth is scaled to the decision, what the report must contain, and how it links to ISO 50001 and EN 16247.
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Ireland · SEAI
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SEAI Domestic Energy Audits in Ireland: BER, Home Energy Assessments & Grants
The BER and DEAP methodology, the Advisory Report most homeowners ignore, Home Energy Assessments under the One Stop Shop route, and the B2 heat-pump-ready target.
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Thermal Bridging
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Thermal Bridge Calculations in LBNL THERM 8
The 2D finite-element workflow for thermal bridges in THERM 8 — psi-value extraction, the temperature factor fRsi for condensation risk, and ISO 10211 / BR 497 conventions.
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Thermal Bridging
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Window U-Factors & Thermal Bridges with LBNL WINDOW 8
How WINDOW 8 computes whole-window U-factor and SHGC, how it pairs with THERM for frame and edge-of-glass bridges, and how to handle window installation psi-values.
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Thermal Bridging
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PSI Value Calculations with AutoPSI
AutoPSI's online, template-driven workflow for UK psi-values — BS EN ISO 10211 and BR 497 conventions, temperature factors, and when custom psi beats default values in SAP.
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UK · Right to Light
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Right to Light Explained: The UK Basics for Developers
The Prescription Act 1832 and the 20-year rule, the Waldram 50% / 0.2% sky factor test, why the 45-degree rule is a myth, and injunctions vs damages from Colls to Coventry v Lawrence.
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UK · Daylight & Sunlight
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Right to Light vs Daylight & Sunlight: Two Regimes Developers Confuse
A private legal easement vs a planning matter under the BRE Guidelines (BR 209) — VSC, APSH, NSL, the 25-degree rule, and why planning permission never extinguishes a Right to Light.
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UK · Development Risk
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Managing Right to Light Risk on UK Development
The developer's playbook — early modelling, designing out injury, negotiated releases, Right to Light insurance, Light Obstruction Notices, Section 203, and keeping injunction risk low.
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ASHRAE · Design Process
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ASHRAE Standard 209: Energy Simulation Aided Design Explained
The standard (formerly 209P) that turns energy modeling into a design tool — the energy charrette, the simulation plan and the 11 modeling cycles from concept to post-occupancy.
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ASHRAE · M&V
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ASHRAE Guideline 14: How Energy Savings Are Actually Measured
Savings can't be metered directly. The three M&V approaches, the NMBE and CV(RMSE) calibration criteria, and where Guideline 14 fits in retrofits and performance contracts.
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Energy Modeling · Fundamentals
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The Degree-Day Method: Estimating Building Energy from Weather Data
HDD, CDD and the balance point — how the oldest tool in energy analysis still powers weather normalization and quick estimates, and where it breaks down vs hourly simulation.
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NYC · Local Law 97
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NYC Local Law 97: The 2030 Limits & Decarbonization Planning
LL97 limits tighten sharply in 2030. The compliance periods, the good-faith decarbonization plan, and how to plan retrofits before the cliff.
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NYC · Local Law 87
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NYC Local Law 87: Energy Audits & Retro-Commissioning
An ASHRAE Level 2 audit and retro-commissioning every 10 years, the Energy Efficiency Report, deadlines and fines — and how the findings feed Local Law 97 retrofit planning.
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NYC · Local Law 84
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NYC Local Law 84: Energy & Water Benchmarking
Who's covered, the May 1 Portfolio Manager deadline, fines and public disclosure — and how benchmarking feeds your energy grade and Local Law 97 planning.
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NYC Compliance
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NYC Energy Grades, ENERGY STAR Scores & EUI Explained
What NYC's A–D energy letter grades mean, how the ENERGY STAR score and EUI are calculated under Local Law 33/95, and how modeling helps improve them.
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NYC · Local Law 97
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LL97 Beneficial Electrification & Heat Pumps
How electrification and heat pumps cut NYC Local Law 97 carbon — the declining electricity coefficient, the beneficial-electrification credit and the pre-2027 double credit.
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NYC · Local Law 88
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NYC Local Law 88: Sub-Metering & Lighting Upgrades
What LL88 requires — tenant sub-metering and lighting upgrades to code — deadlines and fines, and how the data supports Local Law 97 compliance.
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NYC Compliance
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NYC Energy Compliance: The Complete Guide to LL97, LL84, LL87 & the Energy Code
How New York City's building energy laws fit together — Local Law 97 carbon limits, LL84 benchmarking, LL87 audits, LL88 and the NYC Energy Code — and where energy modeling keeps you compliant.
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Energy Modeling · NYC
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Plug & Process Loads in Energy Modeling — and Why They Matter for NYC LL97
What plug and process loads are, how they're modeled, why they're hard to regulate, and why they're decisive for NYC Local Law 97 carbon compliance.
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Energy Modeling · NYC
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Regulated vs Unregulated Loads — and What It Means for NYC LL97
What regulated and unregulated loads are, how ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G treats them, and why the distinction is critical for NYC Local Law 97 carbon compliance.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Indoor Environmental Quality: Designing for the People Inside
LEED v5 centres occupant health — an occupant needs assessment, validated air-quality testing or monitoring, low-emitting materials and the new Occupant Experience credit.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Materials & Resources: Embodied Carbon Takes Centre Stage
LEED v5 makes embodied carbon mandatory — a Quantify & Assess Embodied Carbon prerequisite, the Reduce Embodied Carbon credit, optimized products and zero-waste planning.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Energy & Atmosphere: The Shift from Cost to Carbon
LEED v5's biggest category is rebuilt around operational carbon — a new decarbonization-plan prerequisite, electrification, grid interactivity and renewables.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Water Efficiency: Treating Water as a Limited Resource
A whole-building approach to water — combined indoor/outdoor prerequisites, the up-to-8-point Enhanced Water Efficiency credit, alternative water sources and leak detection.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Sustainable Sites: From Tidy Landscaping to Living Ecosystems
LEED v5's Sustainable Sites category moves from basic landscaping to ecological restoration — biodiverse habitat, rainwater management, heat island reduction and resilient site design.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Location & Transportation: Building Where Travel Is Low-Carbon
How LEED v5 reshapes Location & Transportation — compact connected development, electric vehicles and transportation demand management — to cut transport carbon and support equity.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 & the Integrative Process: Why It Now Starts Every Project
LEED v5 elevates the integrative process into its own category of upfront assessments — climate resilience, human impact and carbon. Here's what changes and where energy modeling fits.
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ASHRAE 90.1
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ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G: Baseline vs Proposed Building Modeling Explained
A practical guide to Appendix G's Performance Rating Method, baseline vs proposed building models, LEED energy modeling and common compliance mistakes.
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Code Compliance
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COMcheck vs Energy Modeling: Which Compliance Path Should You Use?
Compare COMcheck and whole-building energy modeling for commercial energy code compliance, including when each path works best and what documentation teams need.
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Software Tools
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DesignBuilder vs EnergyPlus vs OpenStudio: Which Tool Is Best for Energy Modeling?
Compare DesignBuilder, EnergyPlus and OpenStudio for building energy modeling, including strengths, limitations and when each tool makes sense.
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LEED
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LEED EAp2 and EAc2 Energy Modeling: What Project Teams Need to Know
Learn how LEED EAp2 and EAc2 energy modeling works, how ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G is used, and what architects and LEED consultants should prepare before submission.
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LEED Daylight
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Daylight Analysis for LEED: sDA, ASE and Glare Explained
Understand LEED daylight analysis, including spatial daylight autonomy (sDA), annual sunlight exposure (ASE), glare control and how daylight modeling supports better design.
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Thermal Comfort
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Thermal Comfort Modeling: PMV, PPD and ASHRAE 55 Explained
A practical guide to thermal comfort modeling using PMV, PPD and ASHRAE 55, including inputs, comfort risks and how simulation supports WELL, LEED and HVAC design.
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NYC Local Law 97
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NYC Local Law 97: How Energy Modeling Helps Reduce Carbon Penalties
Learn how energy modeling helps NYC building owners understand Local Law 97 emissions exposure, evaluate retrofit measures and reduce carbon penalties.
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US Tax Incentives
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179D Energy Modeling: How Commercial Buildings Qualify for Tax Deductions
A practical guide to 179D energy modeling, eligible commercial building systems, ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G, inspection requirements and documentation for tax deduction studies.
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Existing Buildings
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Existing Building Energy Modeling for Retrofits and Decarbonization
How existing building energy modeling supports retrofit planning, decarbonization, energy-cost reduction, utility incentives and capital improvement decisions.
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Project Checklist
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What Files Are Needed for a Building Energy Model?
A clear checklist of drawings, schedules, HVAC data, envelope inputs and project information needed to start a building energy model.
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For Architects
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Energy Modeling for Architects: When to Start and What Files Are Needed
A practical guide for architects on when to start energy modeling, what drawings and inputs are needed, and how early modeling reduces redesign and compliance risk.
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Certification · WELL
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WELL Certification Explained: The WELL Building Standard v2
The 10 WELL concepts, certification levels, on-site performance verification, how WELL differs from LEED, and how thermal comfort, daylight and ventilation modeling support it.
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US · Florida
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Florida Energy Code Compliance: The 2023 FBC-EC (8th Edition) Explained
Florida's hot-humid energy code explained — the 2023 FBC-EC (IECC 2021-based), its prescriptive, performance and ERI compliance paths, and what the climate means for design.
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US · Title 24
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Title 24 Energy Compliance in California: 2025 Code, CBECC & the Performance Path
California Title 24 Part 6 explained — the 2025 code (effective Jan 2026), prescriptive vs performance paths, CBECC software and the state's 16 climate zones.
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EnergyPlus
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Comparing EnergyPlus Moisture Models: CTF, EMPD, SSMF & HAMT
How EnergyPlus's heat-and-moisture methods differ — CTF, EMPD, Simple Steady-state Moisture Flux and the fully-coupled HAMT — and how to choose for accuracy vs run time.
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Australia · NCC 2022
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NatHERS Ratings for NCC 2022: 7 Stars, Whole-of-Home & HERO
NCC 2022 lifted new homes to 7 stars plus a Whole-of-Home energy budget. How NatHERS works, what changed, and how HERO accredited software models and certifies a compliant home.
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UK · Part L
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Thermal Bridging & UK Part L: Psi-Values, Y-Values and fRsi Explained
What thermal bridges cost you, how psi-values and y-values work in SAP, the fRsi condensation safeguard, and how junctions are modelled in THERM for Part L compliance.
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LEED v5 · LCA
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LCA & Embodied Carbon in LEED v5: The New Materials Requirements
LEED v5 makes embodied carbon mandatory. A clear look at the new Life-Cycle Assessment prerequisite (MRp2), the Reduce Embodied Carbon credit (MRc2), and what teams must do.
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LEED v5
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LEED v5 Energy Modeling: From Cost Savings to Carbon
USGBC's LEED v5 puts decarbonization at the center — shifting energy modeling from cost savings to carbon, with a new operational-carbon and decarbonization-plan prerequisite.
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NYC Compliance
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NYC Energy Compliance in 2026: The New 2025 Energy Code & Local Law 97
The 2025 NYC Energy Conservation Code takes effect for jobs filed on or after March 30, 2026. Here's what's changing — electrification, tighter HVAC and lighting — plus how it ties into Local Law 97.
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ASHRAE 90.1
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ASHRAE 90.1-2016 vs 90.1-2019: What Changed and Why It Matters
A clear comparison of the 2016 and 2019 editions — lighting power density, envelope, HVAC and Appendix G — and what the differences mean for your energy model.
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Energy Modeling
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What Is Building Energy Modeling — and Why It Matters for Compliance
A plain-English introduction to whole-building energy simulation: what it is, how it works, and why it's the key to passing energy codes and earning green-building certifications.
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